Chapter

Why? Found it re eithery interesting that Gerry had Stan tell so many previous(predicate) recollections in a speech with push through spending time talking astir(predicate) them individually. This technique makes sense so that the stories form a pattern, only it was surprising to me. The close to interesting aspect of the early recollections that Stan spoke of, was that he felt that all the past memories were not as emotional as the one with the kitten. I would squander expected macrocosm shout at in very holding would rush been a s comeening realization.But, the memories, opposite than the one closely the kitten, were ones he had already thought about prior to the session, so maybe he had already processed the emotions of them in a way. If you were counseling Stan from this particular theoretical frame go away, what is one additional technique you might character? What would you consent to accomplish with this intervention? I would collect encouraged Stan to make the connection of his memories of his pargonnts being all filled with anxiety and yelling, and ask if those memories reflect anything in his up-to-date relationship with them.If you were the client, how would you be apt(predicate) to respond to the therapists (Jerseys) comments and interventions in this particular session? If I were Stan would have been very interested in the connections between my early memories and my personate life. I would be exited to write eat up much memories in hopes of recuperateing even more connections to current views, thoughts, or habits. Connections, like these, ar fascinating.ChapterAfter the nuisance had already been unleashed in Europe, one of the introductory reactions was populate believing that perfection had unleashed the deadly complaint, as depicted in Giovanni Ceramics (Doc 3) illustration of angels, coming down from the heavens, delivering their cursors of expiration unto the people. Sarcasms ac acquaintances that some people were a ble to escape the arrow of the Black Death in the translation of his illustration. As an apothecary, it makes sense hat he views the iniquity as being delivered by arrows, because normally disease does not affect everyone.Disease, like arrows bypass those who argon immune and strike those that are not immune. Another delineation of the chivy by an anonymous source (Doc 6) illustrates that a divine entity was delivering the plague to those on earth. The common belief that God ca apply the plague shows how many people were sacred and believed in God and thought that He was punishing them. An alternate view of the plague was blame. Many people blamed the Jews, hill others blamed God and dodge themselves in hopes of God intervening. Biochip (Doc 2) discusses that people would torture themselves, the Flagellants, in hopes of Gods mercy.This response to the plague was very erratic that somewhat logical because even though they suffer themselves, it was for a reason, a environ for Gods help. With a kind-heartedistic point of view, Biochip believes that there is a more scientific approach to conquering the plague instead of hoping God bequeath come down from the heavens and intervene and help the Flagellants. On the other hand, many people blamed the Jews, for instance when they were cremated in Strasbourg, Germany on Valentines sidereal day (Doc 7) where the Jews were alleged to have poisoned the water supply, in which case they were all burned.This response was make out of hatred, the Jews were a scapegoat because no one really knew how the plague came to be. Many people acted angrily and erratically in hopes Of ending the plague which ended in even more death. The Black Plague had a study effect on the universe of dis pipeline in Europe at the time it ravaged finished the continent. The pre-plague population (Doc 9) in Europe was approximately 83 million, only if after the plague ran its eat, the population subsequently decreased to 60 million.The plague had a major(ip) pros and cons to it. A pro would be the fact that it led to the rebirth Era while a con would be the major loss of life in Europe. The closely(prenominal) popular focalise of death or where most people died (Doc 8) would be the Holy Roman Empire fol unkepted by France. The signifi quite a littlece of the amount of death in these dickens theatres is important because it al diminisheds us to recognize that these two areas had he spank overpopulation, living conditions, famine, or economic depression over all of Europe.Even though the plague was a traumatic and insane experience for those who lived through the Bubonic Plague, but without the plague, perhaps the most important era that led to the spread of information, knowledge, and prosperity. People today are able to look how people during the plague responded to disease and now are able to use their reactions to guide future reactions and help resolve the problems people faced backward then.ChapterStat e plot shows the give ins of the objects and how those states turn. chronological succession plat only shows the message fundamental interactions among the objects. 4. Mention and describe three various views used in architectural heading. architectural design is a high aim view of the system. It can be described with logical view intends the decomposition of a system and how those parts work with each other physical architectural view represents the mapping of the package to the sonorousware process view represents the run- time processes and flow of the system. 5.What is the difference between information graveling and logical data plant design? In data modeling we are instructing and showing the Entity-Relationship among the objects. In logical data base design, the E-R diagram is converted to the bents of tables and relationships among the tables. 6. What is the difference between low fidelity prototypes and high fidelity prototypes? Low fidelity prototypes are qui ck hand drawn screens using markers, gestate-it notes, post cards, and/or cut out images to represent the screens of the system. Simple mockup sketch of the target product.High fidelity prototypes are screens created using a tool to design the screens. These screens look and copy the bearing of the future screens of the system. An example of a tool is visual basic with the use of hide and show. Detailed mockup resembling and behaving close to the final product. 7. Discuss Figure 7. 26 with regard to the substance ab drug users interaction the screens interaction and the systems interaction (process). The user chew the fats the Registration Screen for the Spring 2012, using the overlook lash All drifts they would select a course and click the button Add Course.The screen would show the representation seen at the top of Figure 7. 26 initially. This screen would react to the users usage of the drop box (showing a scrollable list of he available courses and showing the course sel ected). When the user has selected a course and clicked Add Course the screen would send the information to the adaption and when the Registration returns success it would show the help screen in Figure 7. 26. The systems interaction shown in Figure 7. 26 begins with the Registrations object passing the registration information to the section object.This section object inescapably to check if the student has the prerequisites for the course. If the Boolean returned is True then the message Add(student) is sent to students object. Note another sequence diagram would represent Boolean = treasonably. 8. explicate Adding a course from section 7. 3. 4. 1 using Normals 7 Stage Model. 1 Form a goal -? add Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the goal l need to add Engle 2011 to my schedule. 2 Form an intention find Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the intention on the screen shown in 7. 26 to find Engle 201 1 in the drop box. Specify the action mouse can show courses in the dro p box The user will decide to use the mouse to click and hold blossom the drop box and bear upon the mouse down until he/she sees the Engle 2011 course. reach the action The user moves the mouse to the arrow in the drop box and clicks when he/she is on the arrow of the drop box. 5 Perceive the system state (feedback) he/she sees the drop box open with multiple courses in a list. 6 Interpret the feedback he/she sees the Engle 201 1 7 Evaluate because the user sees the course they evaluate Success to their intention.Note They would continue with the following(a) intention to click Add Course. 9. contention the four components of the GYMS model for user interfaces. The 4 factors of GYMS model are Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection Rules 10. Explain how the Model-View-controller architectural ardour is done using HTML-Script-SQL. The Model-View-Controller (MFC) architectural style is done with HTML as the View of the system and SQL as a database. The database has the m odel of the system. PH is the script used as the controller for the system. Chapter 8 1 .examination What are the two general characteristics of a design that naturally post over from requirements? declaration The design is an ontogeny from requirements. So the two general characteristics of a) consistency and b) completeness of requirements usually carry over to the design. 2. motility What is Menaces climatic complexness play a) attempting to rhythm, and b) what is the climatic complexity number of a program A that contains 3 binary star predicates (or branches)? Answer a) Menaces climatic complexity number measures the control flow complexity of software. ) Using the simple formula of (if binary branches + 1), the climatic number of program A is (3+1 ) or 4. 3. head What is a program slice? Answer A program slice is the set of statements that can affect the value of some specified variable of interest in the program. 4. Question What are gingiva tokens and super gumwood tokens, and which type nutrients more to cohesion? Answer Glue tokens are data tokens that lie in more than one data-slice, and super glue tokens are data tokens that lie in every data-slice. The super glue tokens contribute more to cohesion because they lie in every data slice. 5. Question What is software cohesion?Answer gumminess is a characteristic that describes the degree of relatedness within the software. 6. Question What are the levels of cohesion? Answer There are 7 levels of cohesion listed in the order of worst to trump coincidental, logical, temporal, procedural, communicational, sequential, and national. 7. Question What is software bring together? Answer Coupling is a characteristic that describes the degree of interdependence or interaction among the parts within the software. 8. Question What are the levels of coupling? Answer There are 5 levels of coupling listed in the order of worst to best content, common, control, stamp, and data. . Question What are the six design measurements of C-K metrics in 00? Answer They are a) weighted number of methods per class, b) depth of inheritance tree of the class, c) number of children of a class, d) coupling between objects, e) number of espouses to a class message, and f) lack of cohesion among methods in a class 10. Question In contrast to general design, what is user interface design interested in? Answer The general software design is concerned about the software components, their characteristics and their interactions.User interface design is focused on the interaction between the software and its human users thus both software and human attributes are of concern in user interface design. 1 1 . Question List four out of the eight rules of user interface design identified by Seminarian and Pleasant. Answer There are in truth 8 a) consistency, b) roved short cuts, c) informative feedback, d) gag law in dialogues, e) simple error handling and prevention, f) permit re-do, g) back up locus of contro l, h) reduce the amount of short-term memory needs. Any four of the eight would be fine. 12.Question What are the general cohesion and coupling goals when designing software? Answer We strive for less(prenominal)er or looser coupling of software, and we design for stringer or tighter cohesion. 13. Question What is the justness of Demeter attempting to achieve? Answer Law of Demeter is a set of guiding rules that limits the span of control of an object y confine the messaging construction among methods of a class. through with(predicate) these restrictions it is conjectured that we can reduce coupling and enhance cohesion. 14. Question What is fan-in and fan-out, and what attribute do they measure?Answer Fan-in is a measure of number of information flow into a module or component. Fan-out is the number of information flow out of a module. An example of fan-in for module-x would be the number of modules that call module-x and for fan-out of module-x would be the number of modules that are called by module-x. Thus fan-in and fan-out measure the coupling attribute among modules. Chapter 9 1. Question is the act of transforming the detailed design into a legitimate program in some programming language. Answer Implementation. 2. Question List 3 desirable characteristics of a good implementation.Answer Readability primary(prenominal)tainability performance traceability correctness completeness. 3. Question True or False? The most important issues for preventing a good coding style are to be consistent and to try to highlight the signification of your code. Answer True. 4. Question You should choose all-night names for local variables or entities, but can use shorter ones for global variables or entities. Answer False. 5. Question List 3 of the types of code comments described in the book. Answer Repeat of the code explanation of the code marker in the code summary of the code description of the code intent external references.ChapterIn 1 966 the gate ticke t revenues mainly paid for players wages and with the commercial television of Ames global audiences and fan bases grew. In 2009 clubs such as real Madrid, Manchester get together and Barcelona became lucrative deals for investors. However, the investment model for football clubs qualifyingd and many investors started leveraging the investments through massive amounts of debt. Many clubs in the UK were popular limited companies and were listed on the stock flip but recently many have been brought into private ownership again through private equity.Bankruptcies and corruption scandals have raised questions to whether many football clubs have been able to have a smooth transition into the repressions melodic line world. A clubs livelihood is directly related to their fan base (spectators, TV audiences, or consumers of merchandise) but over the past decade the medium attendance to the English Premier League matches has stagnated and younger people have been wary to attend.With hi gh termss for tickets, fans have been life alienated by the players wages and TV scheduling has greatly fuelled the feeling that football is no longer a fans game but a business oriented way of generating revenue for owners. Between 1 996 and 2006, the seventy-two clubs of the English football game League add a pre-tax loss of IEEE m in comparison, the other leagues clubs, that were predominantly owned by fans, do Emma operating profit through higher attendance at lower ticket prices.Recently initiatives, such as Supporters Direct, have mouthed the fans interests more directly. They have also been involving themselves in various affable projects in the community (usually addressing social exclusion, unemployment, or anti-social behavior). These clubs have created community schemes that ofttimes pardner with fans, police, and local council. However, clubs such as Real Madrid and FCC Barcelona are member-owned, democratic, and not-for-profit organizations and have leaderships t hat are accountable to the people who watch and pay.The All troupe Parliamentary Football Group published three recommendations to improve governance in the industry, these included A fit and proper persons test for the management and ownership of clubs Supporter-led governance and, Nurture Eng internal talent. With these recommendations tending(p), a Stewardship Scorecard, developed by CAR think-tank tomorrows participation, ranked clubs on various criteria such as putting the club low gear and engagement with fans and the community. Overall football is yet dependent on a constant fan base since they are far less likely to switch allegiances due to poor performance.Ethical Dilemma Who cares whose shares? 1. What is the main ethical issues in this case? The main issue is whether or not you should tell Freddie to give away his shares of Parchment (PC) because there will be a musical theme published in Big Science magazine that could effect that shares negatively. This is cons idered insider trading and is illegal. There are four main ethical arguments that used against insider fairness, misappropriation to property, prostitute to investors and the market and undermining of fiduciary relationships (Crane & Matted, 2010).By telling Freddie, you would be giving himself and his clients an unfair advantage over other investors, he would also give up information of PCs privately documented information and knowledge without PC knowing meaning that he is BPCS property is being shared without knowledge. Harm would come to investors and the market because if everyone of Firesides linens decide to sell their shares then other investors stocks would decrease and leave others, including the company, wondering why the stocks dropped so much before the release of the report.Your fiduciary responsibility to the company and other shareholders should be one of the most important things since you are an employee of PC as well. 2. Who are the main stakeholders here, and how would you compare the relative importance of their stakes? The main stakeholders in the company are the shareholders the employees that dont have shares and the product users. From a humanitarian respective, the product users, whose health and safety are at risk by using product, would be considered the most important stakeholder, and then followed by the employees and then shareholders.From the business aspect the shareholders are the main stakeholders and then the employees and the product users would equally important. This is because the company will most likely not notice a change if a small amount of customers stop using the product. 3. Explain how you would ultimately decide and why. Would not tell Freddie about it because I would rather have a friend mad at e then to end up departure to jail/be fined for insider trading by the company. Loud also not tell him because if it were to get out then my reputation for good work habits and judgment would be affected if I ever lo oked for another job or wanted to be promoted within PC. 4. Is there a difference between acting yourself on the information you were given and passing this information on to Freddie. Yes there is a difference because you arent sharing company information with anyone so if you do end up selling your shares, and the stocks do not go own, then you would only be hurting yourself and not effecting other investors.ChapterEmancipation Proclamation announcement made by president capital of Nebraska during the Civil War emancipated all black slaves in States still engaged in rebellion against Union went into affect January 1, 1863. Fort Sumter a gather located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina the location of the start of the Civil War. George B. McClellan commander of the Army of the Potomac and general of the war. Gettysburg a mesh of which was fought from July 1-3, 1863 Lee withdrew from this battle July quaternary (the same day as the surrender of Vicksburg). fleeceablebacks pa per currency.Homestead wreak allowed citizen (or prospective) to claim 1 60 acres and buy it or a small price after 5 years of living on it. Jefferson Davis the president of confederacy was unsuccessful rarely provided any leadership. March to the Sea sixty mile wide-cut swath of desolation across Georgia Sherman left Atlanta and destroyed towns and plantations through Georgia, South Carolina, and sexual union Carolina. Morris Land move over Act transferred substantial public accuracy to state authoritiess to sell and profits went to public education. Robert E. Lee opposed secession left US army to lead confederate forces.Shiloh Grant, with new man, cured and forced Beauregard to withdraw union victory. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson confederate army leader defeated 2 union armies by charging course suddenly and slipped away. Ulysses S. Grant constant, unrelenting assault (military) willing to fight when others wouldnt presided over some of the worst carnage. US Sanita ry Commission organization of volunteers led by Dorothy Dig that involve large numbers of female nurses to serve in field hospitals. William Outcomes Sherman led march to the sea war is all hell war should be as horrible and costly for the opponent.Questions 1 . (Chart is on notebook paper attached) 2. Out Carolina- Deck. 20, 1860 Mississippi- Jan. 9, 1861 Florida- Jan. 10, 1861 Alabama- Jan. 19, 1861 Georgia- Jan. 19, 1861 Louisiana- Jan. 26, 1861 Texas- Feb.. 1, 1861 Virginia- April 17, 1861 Arkansas- May 6, 1861 North Carolina- May 20, 1861 Tennessee- June 2, 1861 3. The Accredited Compromise included 6 amendments and 4 congressional resolutions to guarantee permanent slavery. He did this in order to avoid war. 4. Lincoln did what he did in order to not be the first party of the war to take action. He did it to also escape the situation theyd been trapped in for several months. . 6. The National Bank Act of 1 865 established a system of national banks of which eventually devel oped the banking system we have today. It was important because it encouraged a national currency. 7. From the beginning, it was expected to be a short and low funding war. Walt that being said, the initial (first) war funded by borrowing but eventually realized that it was much more, so they created the Revenue Act of 1862 which increased taxes drastically including federal income taxes which infuriated supporters Of the war. 8. The governance raised the majority of its money by Revenue tax stamps. . The majority of the blue nation was not supportive at all riots occasionally occurred. They saw these laws to be an intrusion of privacy and a violation of ones sovereignty. 10. One could avoid by buying their way out of being drafted, or even substitute themselves with another member of their household. 11. Lincoln considered certain parts of the constitution to be inconvenient, in turn often ignoring those specific portions and did what he thought needed be done rather than consult ing with congress as to what the constitution states and/or implies should be done. 12.The peace democrats ere a base of people of which believed the North pushed the South to secession. They also believed Lincoln was a tyrant and that the war was a national tragedy. This group was present in the mid-west section of the US including Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. 13. A. ) He justify the suspension by claiming it was in respect of those arrested. B. ) Everyone rights were affected as it limited citizens to have an opinion that wasnt supporting the government. 14. Chief Justice Tangy issued this writ, or noble written order, requiring him to release an imprisoned Maryland secessionist leader. Lincoln swaggered this request. 5. The Confiscation Act declared that all slaves that were used for insurrectionist purposes would be considered freed. The second Confiscation Act declared to free the slaves of the persons aiding and us porting the insurrection (regardless of if the slaves were d oing so) and also authorized the president to employ African Americans, including freed slaves, as soldiers. As a result, with the progression of the war, the North grew to be more accepting Of emancipation. By the end Of the Civil War, slavery had been abolished in two Union slave states and in three Confederate dates occupied by Union forces. 16.The Emancipation Proclamation was the war occasion act Pres. Lincoln issued on Jan. 1, 1863. This act declared forever free slaves in all areas of the coalition aside from those already under Union control (Tennessee, western Virginia, and southern Louisiana). It also did no apply to border slave states. 17. Slaves were often taken from their designated plantations and transported to the front, escaping Northern lines, unable to be returned to their masters. Some slaves joined the Union army, while others stayed with troops to flee to free states. Antislavery impulse gained strength, regardless of the acts inability to affect certain are as. 8. somewhat 1 86,000 emancipated African Americans served as soldiers, sailors, and laborers for the Union forces. It was only the first few months of the war that African Americans were widely excluded. They were treated very poorly. Many died from disease due to working in unsanitary conditions for arduous hours. Black soldiers were paid a third less in comparison to white soldiers, as well. 19. Women were often put in nursing positions whether itd been by choice or necessity. They also worked as retail sales clerks, office workers, and mill & factory hands.Shallowness wives often became prudent for managing slave work forces the wives Of more modest farmers plowed fields and harvested crops. These were all positions previously dominated by men. 20. Although there were several significant exceptions, the Federal government and the Confederate government were very similar (These exceptions included the acknowledgment of the sovereignty of the individual states, and the sancti oning of slavery of which made abolition nearly impossible). 21 . The domain focused so intensely on producing cotton and other export crops.The departure of so many white males prankishly diminished the regions ability to maintain food production. Copious amounts of doctors were conscripted to serve the needs of the military, of which left many communities without any medical care. In effect, the South experienced shortages of everything. Because of this, along with inflation, there was a major instability in Southern society. Resistance to conscription, food impressments, and taxation increased throughout the Confederacy, as well as hoarding and black-market monomer. 22. While pinnacle their armies, many more white Southerners were exempted from military service than Northerners.Conscription was successful for a period of time. Although, after 1862, conscription began to produce fewer men. In early 1864, the government experienced a shortage of manpower. At this time, situation s called for desperate measures the Confederate congress began drafting men as young as 1 7 and as old as 50. 23. The Norths economy was strengthened, thus increasing industry and railroad development. The Souths was weakened because of millions of Lars worth of property being destroyed and the regions young male population having depleted. 24.The production of weapons was more efficient due to technological advances. Weapons were also stronger and more powerful. 25. A. ) The first battle occurred on July 21, 1861. This battle nearly succeeded in dispersing the Confederate forces, but was unable due to the Southerners taking action in stopping a last strong Union assault and performing a savage counterattack. As a result, the Confederates retreated in an unrecognized manner. When disorganized, as the Union forces were by feat with a short of supplies and transportation, the Confederates did not pursue.Because of this battle, the Unions morale and the presidents confidence in his off icers were destroyed. B. ) The battle of Animate began on September 17. Mescalines 87,000-man army attacked Lees force of 50,000. 6,000 soldiers died, and 1 7,000 sustained injuries. At the end of the day, as the Confederate line seemed ready to break, the last of Jacksons troops arrived to reinforce it. McClellan then allowed Lee to retreat to Virginia. This battle only lasted one day. C. ) There were complications for the Union forces n the East, but important victories occurred in the West.Grant moved his his and supplies to an area south of the city. He then attacked Vicksburg from the rear. Vicksburg surrendered 6 weeks later on July 4, due to the fact that residents were starving as a result of a prolonged siege. D. ) Lee attacked Meads army once they were perched on the hills south of the town. Lees forces Were outnumbered 75,000 to 90,000 and his assault On the Union forces on Cemetery Ridge failed. The next day he ordered a second, larger effort. 1 5,000 Confederates advan ced nearly a mile while being swept by Union fire.ChapterFirst Pages editor in chief of the Harvard Business Review, noted that organizations must also undergo significant efforts to protect their human capital. A firm may diversify the ownership of vital knowledge by emphasizing teamwork, guard against obsolescence by developing learning programs, and shackle key people with golden handcuffs. 23 In addition, people are less likely to leave an organization if there are effective structures to promote teamwork and information sharing, strong leadership that encourages innovation, and cultures that demand excellence and ethical behavior.Such issues are exchange to this chapter. Although we touch on these issues throughout this chapter, we provide more detail in later chapters. We discuss organizational controls (culture, rewards, and boundaries) in Chapter 9, organization structure and design in Chapter 10, and a variety of leadership and entrepreneurship topics In Chapters 11 and 1 2. Human metropolis The Foundation of Intellectual Capital Organizations must recruit talented people?employees at all levels with the proper sets of skills and capabilities coupled with the right values and attitudes.Such skills and attitudes must be continually developed, strengthened, and reinforced, and each employee must be motivated and her efforts focused on the organizations goals and objectives. 24 The rise to prominence of knowledge workers as a vital source of competitive advantage is changing the balance of power in todays organization. Knowledge workers place professional development and personal enrichment (financial and otherwise) above company loyalty. Attracting, recruiting, and hiring the best and the brightest, Is a critical first step in the process of building intellectual capital.How to win Gene Y Workers? Commonly. Com, August 17 NP Mantilla. 2007. How Going Green Draws Talent, Cut Costs. Wall Street Journal, November 13 BIO and, ODell, A. M. 2007. Working f or the Earth Green Companies and Green Jobs Attract Employees. Www. socializing . Com, 4. 1 environmental responsibility when it recruits on campuses. It showcases the companys new corporate headquarters, in Measuring, Ohio, that uses 28 percent to 39 percent less nil than a standard office building and is furnished with environmentally friendly materials.Says Nephew CEO Mark Sunny, At the end of the day, we are competing with everyone else for the best talent, and this is a propagation that is very concerned with the environment. To meet the growing demand for students interested in working for green companies, Nonstarters, a unit of the giant employment firm Monster. Com, launched Greengrocers. It was the first online recruitment service that focuses on green employment. Econometrical and the Environmental Defense Fund, two environmental nonprofits, are adding their expertise in partnership with Nonstarters. Econometrical approached Nonstarters to create Greengrocers because t here is an urgent need to reach and educate environmentally agnostic audiences, in this case college students, about the ways they can address climate change and other serious environmental problems, claims Mark Cockroach, vice president and general manager at Nonstarters. Environmental sustainability To illustrate such interdependence, poor hiring impedes the effectiveness of development and retention processes. In a similar vein, ineffective retention efforts place additional burdens on hiring and development.Consider the following anecdote, provided by Jeffrey Prefer of the Stanford University Business School Not long ago, I went to a large, fancy San Francisco law firm?where they treat their associates like dog do and where the turnover is very high. I asked the managing partner about the turnover rate. He said, A few years ago, it was 25 percent, and now were up to 30 percent. I asked him how the firm had responded to that trend. He said, We increased our recruiting. So I ask ed him, What kind of doctor would you be if your patient was bleeding faster and faster, and your only response was to increase the speed of the transfusion? 29 Clearly, stepped-up recruiting is a poor substitute for weak retention. Although there are no simple, easy-to-apply answers, we can learn from what leading-edge firms are doing to attract, develop, and retain human capital in todays highly competitive marketplace. 30 out front moving on, Strategy public eye 4. 1 addresses the importance of firms green or environmental sustainability strategy in attracting young talent. Deserted chic 118-155. Tend 124 Attracting Human Capital All we can do is bet on the people we pick. So my whole Job is picking the right people.Jack Welch, former chairman, General Electric Company 31 The first step in the process of building superior human capital is input control attracting and selecting the right person. Human resource professionals often approach employee filling from a lock and key me ntality?that is, fit a key (a Job candidate) into a lock (the Job). Such an approach involves a thorough analysis of the errors and the Job. solely then can the right decision be made as to how well the two will fit together. How can you fail, the theory goes, if you get a precise match of knowledge, ability, and skill profiles?Frequently, however, the precise matching approach places its wildness on task-specific skills (e. G. , motor skills, specific information processing capabilities, and communication skills) and puts less emphasis on the broad general knowledge and experience, social skills, values, beliefs, and attitudes of employees. Many have questioned the precise matching approach. They argue that firms can identify top performers by steering on key employee mind-sets, attitudes, social skills, and general orientations. If they get these elements right, the task-specific skills can be learned quickly. This does not imply, however, that task-specific skills are unimporta nt rather, it suggests that the requisite skill sets must be viewed as a necessary but not sufficient condition. ) This leads us to a popular phrase today and serves as the title of the next section. aim for Attitude, Train for Skill Organizations are increasingly emphasizing general knowledge and experience, social skills, values, beliefs, and attitudes of employees. 32 Consider Southwest Airlines hiring practices, which focus on employee values and attitudes. disposed(p) its strong team orientation, Southwest uses an indirect approach.For example, the interviewing team asks a group of employees to prepare a five- minute presentation about themselves. During the presentations, interviewers observe which candidates enthusiastically support their peers and which candidates focus on polishing their own presentations while the others are presenting. 33 The roomer are, of course, favored. Alan Cooper, president of Cooper Software, Inc. , in Palo Alto, California, goes further. He clev erly uses technology to perfect in on the problem- solving ability of his applicants and their attitudes before an interview even takes place.He has devised a Bozo Filter, an online test that can be applied to any industry. Before you spend time on whether Job candidates will work out satisfactorily, find out how their minds work. Cooper advised, Hiring was a black see our test. Its a self-administering jack filter. 34 How does it work? The online test asks questions designed to see how prospective employees approach provisioning tasks. For example, one key question asks software engineer applicants to design a table-creation software program for Microsoft Word. Candidates provide pencil sketches and a description of the new user interface.Another question used for design communicators asks them to develop a marketing strategy for a new touch- tone phone?directed at consumers in the year 1850. Candidates e-mail their answers back to the company, and the answers are circulated aroun d the firm to solicit feedback. Only candidates with the highest mark get interviews. Sound Recruiting Approaches and Networking Companies that take hiring seriously must also take recruiting seriously. The number of Jobs that successful knowledgeableness companies must fill is astonishing.Ironically, many companies still have no shortage of applicants. For example, Google, ranked fourth on Fortunes 2009 100 Best Companies to Work For, still attracts 777,000 applicants a year?even though hiring has slowed. 35 The take exception becomes having the right Job candidates, not the greatest number of them. Resources 125 Deserted chic 118-155. And 125 11/11/09 PM GE Medical Systems, which builds CT scanners and magnetic resonance imaging (MR.) systems, relies extensively on networking. They have found that current employees are the best source for new ones.Recently, Steven Potshot, head of staffing and leadership development, made a few simple changes to double the number of referrals. F irst, he simplified the process?no complex forms, no bureaucracy, and so on. Second, he increased incentives. Everyone referring a qualified candidate received a gift certificate from Sears. For referrals who were hired, the bounty increases to $2,000. Although this may sound like a lot of money, it is peanuts compared to the $1 5,000 to $20,000 fees that GE typically pays to headhunters for each person hired. 6 Also, when someone refers a former colleague or friend for a Job, his or her credibility is on the line. Thus, employees will be deliberate in recommending people for employment unless they are reasonably confident that these people are good candidates. This provides a good screen for the firm in deciding whom to hire. Hiring the right people makes things a lot easier fewer rules and regulations, less need for monitoring and hierarchy, and greater initialization f organizational norms and objectives. Consider some of the approaches that retire, people in this demographic gro up are becoming more and more important in todays workforce.We also provide some tips on how to get hired. We address these issues in Exhibit 4. 3. Developing Human Capital It is not enough to hire top-level talent and expect that the skills and capabilities of those employees remain current throughout the duration of their employment. Rather, educational activity and development must take place at all levels of the organization. 37 For example, Selection assembles printed circuit boards and other components for TTS Silicon Valley clients. 38 Its employees receive an average of 95 hours of company- provided training each year.Chairman Winston Chem. observed, Technology changes so fast that we estimate 20 percent of an engineers knowledge becomes obsolete each year. Training is an obligation we owe to our employees. If you want high growth and high quality, then training is a big part of the equation. Although the financial returns on training may be hard to calculate, most experts believe it is essential. One company that has calculated the benefit from training is Motorola. Every dollar spent on training returns $30 in productiveness gains over the following three years.In addition to training and developing human capital, firms must encourage widespread involvement, monitor and track employee development, and evaluate human capital. 39 Encouraging Widespread Involvement Developing human capital requires the active involvement of leaders at all levels. It wont be successful if it is viewed only as the responsibility of the human resources department. Each year at General Electric, 200 facilitators, 30 officers, 30 human resource executives, and many young managers actively act in Gees orientation program at Correlation, its training center right(prenominal) New York City.ChapterA model Is an abstraction of a real system. True + False Question 2 2/ 2 points True or False? In a discrete-event simulation, an event is an interaction between objects in the sys tem. Question 3 2/ 2 points True or False? Meteorologists often use multiple simulated models, which make different assumptions, to predict the weather. True* Question 4 2/ 2 points True or False? The most common application of computer graphics in modern operating systems is the graphical user interface. True+Question 5 2/ 2 points True or False? In computer graphics, knit cloth and woven cloth should move and drape In the same way. True False* Question 6 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a simulation in which the model is viewed at uniform time intervals? A) discrete-event b) concrete c) abstract e) continuous Question 7 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a model that represents a real environment, such as a flight simulator? A) time-driven b) discrete-event c) continuous d) concrete + e) abstractQuestion 8 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a simulation that expresses change in terms of a set of differential equations? A) concrete c) time-driven d) continuous + Question 9 2/ 2 points Which of the following describes the angle at which a human looks at a mirror? B) transposition vector c) normal vector d) reflection vector e) light vector Question 10 2/ 2 points Which of the following is NOT a game genre or a game submerge? A) strategy games b) life-simulation games c) role-playing games d) action games.ChapterVolcano erupting in howdy because Peel upset. Must make Peel happy to stop volcano. Names in Sociology Berger seeing the general in the particular (making the familiar strange) Mills sociological Imagination comet (1837) social physics / positivism Theological Metaphysical Human equality to what is going on in their life Scientific process to what is going on in their life All issues are happening because of a scientific process Harriet Martinets Female in a mans world Translated Comet into English beforehand(predicate) Feminist and very dominate Research methods Womens issues Father disowned her earl y age of 21Karl Marx Materialism Class conflict Philosopher Bi-polar Wrote about economic institutions of capitalism Market will control itself Excessive focus on materialism how the focus of stuff effects the relationship managing works The essence of conflicts impacts institutions Max Weber 1 SST sociologist Suffered from severe depression How religion institution drive the economic structure Persistent research until you have understand what is going on Mile Druthers Statistics Social facts Number guy census data collector Positivistic sociology Suicide Anomie Enormousness loss of normalNot dependable George Simmer Urban sociology Study of structures of groups in cities (Group dynamics) Names in Sociology in the US Robert Park Father of Sociology Started the 1st dept. Of sociology in emailprotected the Univac. Of Chicago Charles Cooley looking-glass self Your participation in groups is influenced on how people see you George Herbert Mead W. E. B.DUBIOUS 1st African American ma le to Received PhD from Harvard Expounded the NAACP Asked to teach sociology Atlanta University Developed the concept of double consciousness How people react differently with different situation Jane Addams Hull House Social worked Nobel prize (1931) Theories Explain, Describe, Predict Life structurally runs on theories Functionalism what is the reason?Organism How the human body works made up of systems Manifest / latent Manifest function positive outcome Latent function positive or negative outcome Social consensus reasons Microbiology sounding for big picture Conflict Competing interest (limited goods), Societal driving force , Exists on all levels Initiates change Power Gender/age governmental frugal Microbiology generally concerned with social dynamics at a higher level of analysis Society functions on conflict Conflict is mostly about limited goods Have / Have Not Conflict theory views society from exactly the opposite of perspective Conflict is good for society cause it represents change There has and always will be conflict between workers & entrepreneurs (I. E. Why unions were created) Feminist Theory Conflict model where gender is concerned / Political reform Symbolic Interactions Interpretation of symbols Face to face interactions Creating reality Microbiology (Seeks to understand local international context) Max Weber Interpretive sociology Persistent Post modernism Sometimes part of all of the above theories Fast changing interactions Subjective / objective Given the pace of the world today, it is all of the above theories, embrace all Midrange Theory Social institutions focus Booker T Washington W. E.B Dubious Civil Rights Institutions are a very strong influence on groups behavior Attempt to predict how certain social institutions tend to function Sociology Connect to History (events, social change) Anthropology (study of culture) Psychology (social psychology) Political science (power governmental institution) Example Explain M arriage with man duties vs.. Male duties Functionalism because that is how they were raised or taught Conflict males w/ more power Feminist more women working to gain more power Symbolic the two parties setting ground rules with each other regarding whom does what CHAPTER 2 How do sociologist due what they do?Majority & Minority in a group (in/out group) Social Networks relations held together by ties (stories), strength of ties, structural ole (kinship gap), lack of communication on each side of hole (Ebay) Social Capital pre-existing knowledge a person has that helps them enter network value you have that makes you socially interested to the group may be going down due to loose connections, less family togetherness, fewer group vacations, decreased civic engagement Network Analysis (social relationships) epidemiology, teenage sex networks (hook-up in tie, virginity pledges outside tie) organization legal, multiple secondary group, common purpose, boundaries between members (govern behaviors overpayment policy / group structure immigration (1921 / Hart-cellar Act, 1965) organizational culture shared beliefs/behaviors organizational structure structure with power / authority distribution interlocking directorates mega corporations institutional isomorphism forced sameness of corporations in similar environments airline ticket prices Chapter 6 Social Deviance US incarceration rate . 75% (2. 3 million), 25% of world criminal Justice (formal deviance).Formal deviance is and expensive proposition because up have got and personal and a lot of time and energy. Social deviance transgression of social norms where, when, who (power) knowing there is a norm out there and you are willing fully violate it relative to where you did it, when you did it, and who saw you do it informal no societal level consequence without serious repercussions but could be prolonged formal with serious repercussions most of your life is filled with informal deviance and informal social control Social control device bring back norm normative compliance best social control device in society, by complying with all the norms both formal and informal Druthers (functionalism) social cohesion (bonds),ChapterChapterState diagram shows the states of the objects and how those states change. Sequence diagram only shows the message interactions among the objects. 4. Mention and describe three different views used in architectural design. Architectural design is a high level view of the system. It can be described with logical view represents the decomposition of a system and how those parts work with each other physical architectural view represents the mapping of the software to the hardware process view represents the run- time processes and flow of the system. 5.What is the difference between data modeling and logical data base design? In data modeling we are instructing and showing the Entity-Relationship among the objects. In logical data base design , the E-R diagram is converted to the sets of tables and relationships among the tables. 6. What is the difference between low fidelity prototypes and high fidelity prototypes? Low fidelity prototypes are quick hand drawn screens using markers, post-it notes, post cards, and/or cut out images to represent the screens of the system. Simple mockup sketch of the target product.High fidelity prototypes are screens created using a tool to design the screens. These screens look and mimic the behavior of the future screens of the system. An example of a tool is visual basic with the use of hide and show. Detailed mockup resembling and behaving close to the final product. 7. Discuss Figure 7. 26 with regard to the users interaction the screens interaction and the systems interaction (process). The user sees the Registration Screen for the Spring 2012, using the drop box All Courses they would select a course and click the button Add Course.The screen would show the representation seen at th e top of Figure 7. 26 initially. This screen would react to the users usage of the drop box (showing a scrollable list of he available courses and showing the course selected). When the user has selected a course and clicked Add Course the screen would send the information to the registration and when the Registration returns success it would show the second screen in Figure 7. 26. The systems interaction shown in Figure 7. 26 begins with the Registrations object passing the registration information to the section object.This section object needs to check if the student has the prerequisites for the course. If the Boolean returned is True then the message Add(student) is sent to students object. Note another sequence diagram would represent Boolean = False. 8. Explain Adding a course from section 7. 3. 4. 1 using Normals 7 Stage Model. 1 Form a goal -? add Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the goal l need to add Engle 2011 to my schedule. 2 Form an intention find Engle 201 1 Th e user (student) forms the intention on the screen shown in 7. 26 to find Engle 201 1 in the drop box. Specify the action mouse can show courses in the drop box The user will decide to use the mouse to click and hold open the drop box and move the mouse down until he/she sees the Engle 2011 course. Execute the action The user moves the mouse to the arrow in the drop box and clicks when he/she is on the arrow of the drop box. 5 Perceive the system state (feedback) he/she sees the drop box open with multiple courses in a list. 6 Interpret the feedback he/she sees the Engle 201 1 7 Evaluate because the user sees the course they evaluate Success to their intention.Note They would continue with the next intention to click Add Course. 9. List the four components of the GYMS model for user interfaces. The 4 factors of GYMS model are Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection Rules 10. Explain how the Model-View-controller architectural style is done using HTML-Script-SQL. The Model-Vi ew-Controller (MFC) architectural style is done with HTML as the View of the system and SQL as a database. The database has the model of the system. PH is the script used as the controller for the system. Chapter 8 1 .Question What are the two general characteristics of a design that naturally carry over from requirements? Answer The design is an evolution from requirements. So the two general characteristics of a) consistency and b) completeness of requirements usually carry over to the design. 2. Question What is Menaces climatic complexity number a) attempting to measure, and b) what is the climatic complexity number of a program A that contains 3 binary predicates (or branches)? Answer a) Menaces climatic complexity number measures the control flow complexity of software. ) Using the simple formula of (if binary branches + 1), the climatic number of program A is (3+1 ) or 4. 3. Question What is a program slice? Answer A program slice is the set of statements that can affect the value of some specified variable of interest in the program. 4. Question What are glue tokens and super glue tokens, and which type nutrients more to cohesion? Answer Glue tokens are data tokens that lie in more than one data-slice, and super glue tokens are data tokens that lie in every data-slice. The super glue tokens contribute more to cohesion because they lie in every data slice. 5. Question What is software cohesion?Answer Cohesion is a characteristic that describes the degree of relatedness within the software. 6. Question What are the levels of cohesion? Answer There are 7 levels of cohesion listed in the order of worst to best coincidental, logical, temporal, procedural, communicational, sequential, and national. 7. Question What is software coupling? Answer Coupling is a characteristic that describes the degree of interdependence or interaction among the parts within the software. 8. Question What are the levels of coupling? Answer There are 5 levels of coupling listed in the order of worst to best content, common, control, stamp, and data. . Question What are the six design measurements of C-K metrics in 00? Answer They are a) weighted number of methods per class, b) depth of inheritance tree of the class, c) number of children of a class, d) coupling between objects, e) number of espouses to a class message, and f) lack of cohesion among methods in a class 10. Question In contrast to general design, what is user interface design interested in? Answer The general software design is concerned about the software components, their characteristics and their interactions.User interface design is focused on the interaction between the software and its human users thus both software and human attributes are of concern in user interface design. 1 1 . Question List four out of the eight rules of user interface design identified by Seminarian and Pleasant. Answer There are actually 8 a) consistency, b) roved short cuts, c) informative feedback, d) closure in dialogues, e) simple error handling and prevention, f) permit re-do, g) support locus of control, h) reduce the amount of short-term memory needs. Any four of the eight would be fine. 12.Question What are the general cohesion and coupling goals when designing software? Answer We strive for lesser or looser coupling of software, and we design for stringer or tighter cohesion. 13. Question What is the Law of Demeter attempting to achieve? Answer Law of Demeter is a set of guiding rules that limits the span of control of an object y restricting the messaging structure among methods of a class. Through these restrictions it is conjectured that we can reduce coupling and enhance cohesion. 14. Question What is fan-in and fan-out, and what attribute do they measure?Answer Fan-in is a measure of number of information flow into a module or component. Fan-out is the number of information flow out of a module. An example of fan-in for module-x would be the number of modules that call module-x and for fan-out of module-x would be the number of modules that are called by module-x. Thus fan-in and fan-out measure the coupling attribute among modules. Chapter 9 1. Question is the act of transforming the detailed design into a valid program in some programming language. Answer Implementation. 2. Question List 3 desirable characteristics of a good implementation.Answer Readability maintainability performance traceability correctness completeness. 3. Question True or False? The most important issues for maintaining a good coding style are to be consistent and to try to highlight the meaning of your code. Answer True. 4. Question You should choose longer names for local variables or entities, but can use shorter ones for global variables or entities. Answer False. 5. Question List 3 of the types of code comments described in the book. Answer Repeat of the code explanation of the code marker in the code summary of the code description of the code intent external references.